CRUSH SCHOOL

5644 1st Avenue South Minneapolis, MN, 55419

I blog on Brain-Based Learning, Metacognition, EdTech, and Social-Emotional Learning. I am the author of the Crush School Series of Books, which help students understand how their brains process information and learn. I also wrote The Power of Three: How to Simplify Your Life to Amplify Your Personal and Professional Success, but be warned that it's meant for adults who want to thrive and are comfortable with four letter words.

Phenomenon-Based Learning: Model-Making Tools

August 09, 2023  /  Oskar Cymerman

Phenomenon-Based Learning (PhenBL) ignites curiosity, promotes critical thinking, and fosters an in-depth understanding of the world through the use of phenomena as starting points that challenge students to explore and unravel their mysteries through self-directed investigation.

But while investigating phenomena provides the mystery, the full potential of Phenomenon-Based Learning is unlocked through student creation of models that further understanding of the core and supporting ideas behind the phenomenon. This is because by providing students with model making tools, we equip them with the means to visualize, experiment with, and make sense of complex concepts in an active, engaging way.

In the previous article, I discussed how to help students make and use models. In this one, I want to explore how model making enriches the PhenBL experience and provide you with a list of model making tools, starting with the essentials and ending with the (almost) impossibles.

The Power of Making Models in the classroom

There are many benefits to having students make models in the classroom. All of them help students acquire and practice skills they’ll need to further their education and careers. The graphic below shows a few important ones.

Model making tools

Model making materials enable students to visualize complex concepts. By constructing models, they gain a clearer understanding of how different elements interact and how different systems work. This is because models nurture deeper conceptualization of the phenomenon at hand (How to introduce the 4 types of models to students).

The list below contains all of the Amazon links I emailed to our school district science guy (you know) before the term in which I was to start Phenomenon-Based Learning in Earth and Space Science. I spent the time looking for the best deals - both in terms of price and amount of each material needed to last me two to three years. I am confident I did a decent job, but if you find a better deal on anything, please leave a link in the comments below.

The Essentials

Physical Models:

Visual (not Computer-Generated) Models:

The Nice to Haves

Mathematical and Computer-Generated Visual Models:

  • laptops or desktops or tablets

  • graphical visualization software / apps

  • digital simulation tools

Graphical visualization tools such as Excel or Google Sheets are great for creating graphs, charts, and diagrams to represent data and patterns and help students the communicate their findings. Other tools such as Canva and Piktochart help in creating posters, infographics, concept maps, flowcharts etc.

Digital simulation tools, such as Minecraft or PhET let students create and manipulate complex simulations that might be challenging to achieve physically.

While these digital tools are pretty standard these days and it is important to help students learn how to use them to make computational models, they can often be replaced with visual and physical models that use traditional prototyping materials.

The Awesomes

  • microcontrollers

  • data sensors

Integrating microcontrollers and sensors such as Vernier, Vex, or Arduino into models can make them interactive, enabling students to collect and analyze real-time data related to the phenomenon being studied.

The Almost Impossibles (But Not Really)

  • Augmented Reality (AR)

  • Virtual Reality (VR)

AR and VR technologies allow students to immerse themselves in virtual representations of the phenomena, providing an incredible sense of presence and engagement. My hope is these tools will soon become widely available for classroom use.

Model Everywhere and all the time

Because why not?

Instead of students just telling you about a concept, have them show you and explain it as they show you. Models can be as simple as a poster that explains and exemplifies a concept or as complex as a virtual world one can walk through to learn about something. The key is to provide students with multiple opportunities to make them. Hopefully, this will help them make a good life for themselves and others.

Sign up for my Teaching Tips, Resources, & Ideas Newsletter to get the next article when it drops. It’s totally free.

*Disclosure: I only recommend products I use myself. This post contains affiliate links at no cost to you that may earn me a small commission to help pay for this website.

BOOKS & TOOLS

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categories / Science
tags / teaching teens, parenting teens, deeper learning, independence, lifelong learning, simplicity, skills, success skills, learning, making life easier, kids

Phenomenon-Based Learning: Making Models for Understanding

August 05, 2023  /  Oskar Cymerman

In the realm of modern education, the shift towards student-centered, inquiry-based approaches has taken center stage.

Phenomenon-Based Learning (PnenBL) is one such transformative method that encourages students to explore real-world phenomena and solve authentic problems. At the heart of this approach lies the strategic use of models - powerful tools that enable learners to understand, analyze, and explain complex concepts.

Phenomenon-Based Learning: A Quick Recap

Phenomenon-Based Learning shifts the focus from learning individual subjects separately to an interdisciplinary exploration of real-life problems though the use of real-world phenomena. Instead of studying isolated topics, PhenBL requires students connect knowledge from multiple disciplines. This develops critical thinking, collaboration, communication, and problem-solving skills.

The Power of Models in Phenomenon-Based Learning

Models are simplified (but not always simple) representations of complex phenomena that help students conceptualize and make sense of abstract ideas. Integrating models into PhenBL provides various benefits that enrich the learning experience.

  1. Better Understanding through visuals and manipulatives

    Models offer a visual representation of phenomena, making abstract concepts more accessible to students. Whether it's a physical model, a diagram, or a digital simulation, these visual aids enhance comprehension and retention.

  2. Connecting Theory to Reality

    Models bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and real-world applications. They allow students to observe how abstract concepts manifest in practical situations, reinforcing the relevance of their learning.

  3. Promoting Inquiry and Exploration

    Models encourage students to investigate and ask questions about the phenomenon being studied. They serve as a starting point for inquiry, sparking curiosity and driving learners to explore further.

  4. Encouraging Active Learning

    When students engage with models actively - manipulating variables and observing outcomes - they take ownership of their learning. This hands-on approach cultivates a deeper understanding of the phenomenon.

  5. Fostering Collaboration

    Models provide a common reference point for students to collaborate and discuss their findings. Sharing their interpretations and observations around a model encourages peer learning and collaboration.

  6. Facilitating Communication

    Models create a shared language for students to use to communicate complex ideas. They can present their insights more effectively, strengthening their ability to express scientific concepts clearly.

  7. Developing Scientific Reasoning and Logic

    Analyzing and interpreting models help students develop essential scientific reasoning skills. They learn to identify patterns, draw conclusions, and make predictions based on evidence. This teaches them logical thinking they can apply when they encounter new information in school, work, and personal life.

Strategies for Integrating Models in Phenomenon-Based Learning

  1. Scaffold and Guide Student Investigation

    Provide initial guidance on the types of models, how to make them, and how to use them. Then, gradually shift toward student-driven investigations and model-making. Allow them to make and manipulate models in their groups to help lead students to their own discoveries and conclusions. Check out (and use as you like) this lesson on models I created.

  2. Make Models

    Give students repeated opportunities to create their own models as they work on solving phenomena throughout the school year. Drawing, building prototypes, or designing digital simulations are hands-on experiences that aid learning and develop creativity.

  3. Incorporate Multiple Perspectives

    Encourage students to explore different models that might represent the same phenomenon before settling on one. Better yet, challenge them to analyze and combine various models. Such comparisons help develop a deeper understanding of concepts.

  4. Reflect and Refine

    Allow students to interact with other students’ models. This allows giving and receiving feedback and facilitates reflective discussions. Encourage students to share insights, challenge assumptions, and refine their models and understanding of ideas based on evidence they collected and observations they received from others.

Models Build Skills and Awareness

Integrating models in Phenomenon-Based Learning leads to more dynamic and engaging educational experiences. As students explore real-world phenomena and make and use models, they develop a deeper appreciation for the interconnectedness of knowledge and the wonders of the world. By fostering curiosity, critical thinking, collaboration, and problem-solving, models become powerful tools that empower students to embrace the complexities of the universe and become lifelong learners.

Sign up for my Teaching Tips, Resources, & Ideas Newsletter to get the next article Modeling Tools for Phenomenon-Based Learning when it drops. It’s totally free.

BOOKS & TOOLS

Phenomena Poster
Phenomena Poster
$3.00
Add To Cart
Mistakes Are... Poster
Mistakes Are... Poster
$3.00
Add To Cart
Equity: Bundle of 3 Posters - SAVE 25%
Equity: Bundle of 3 Posters - SAVE 25%
$7.00
Add To Cart
Back 2 School Classroom Bundle of 8 Posters
sale
Back 2 School Classroom Bundle of 8 Posters
$8.00 $16.00
PhenBL 16-Slide Professional Development Interactive Presentation
sale
PhenBL 16-Slide Professional Development Interactive Presentation
$10.00 $15.00
Breaking Down Phenomenon Based Learning and NGSS
Breaking Down Phenomenon Based Learning and NGSS
$5.00
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categories / Science
tags / teaching teens, parenting teens, deeper learning, independence, lifelong learning, simplicity, skills, success skills, learning, making life easier, kids

Unlocking the Unexplored: Creating a Common Learning Experience for Understanding Difficult Concepts

August 02, 2023  /  Oskar Cymerman

By using a real-world phenomenon at the beginning of a lesson, or a unit, or a series of lessons, teachers push students to undertake a journey of discovery - a journey that leads to students discovering on their own why and how this phenomenon happens. To this end, they are encouraged to collaborate as they seek and find answers to the questions they themselves generate when observing and analyzing the phenomenon.

But what should we do if the phenomenon itself is too hard for students to connect to or is too complex for students to break down?

When we encounter complex topics that may leave students overwhelmed and disengaged we can employ the power of exploration to spark curiosity, understanding, and confidence that they can indeed tackle the hardest of topics. A common learning experience can be such a tool to help your students unlock the secrets of challenging concepts.

Creating a Common Learning Experience for a Phenomenon

  1. Identify the Conceptual Roadblocks

    Before diving into a phenomenon that represents a difficult concept, it's crucial to understand the specific challenges your students may be facing with the concept. Identify the misconceptions or gaps in their understanding, and use this insight to tailor your common learning experience accordingly.

  2. Craft a Compelling Context

    Set the stage for the common learning experience by grounding the difficult concept in a real-life context that resonates with your students' interests and experiences. Whether it's a practical application, a thought-provoking problem, or a fascinating scenario, a relatable context fuels curiosity and motivation to dive deeper. At the end, students will be able to relate to the phenomenon you present to them.

  3. Introduce the Wonder of Exploration

    Share stories of famous scientists, inventors, or explorers who faced challenges and persevered through exploration. Check out this article that includes the failure and success stories of Albert Einstein, Henry Ford, and the Wright brothers for ideas. Encourage your students to view the difficult concept as an uncharted territory waiting to be explored, rather than an insurmountable obstacle and emphasize the thrill we all feel when our efforts pay off.

  4. Design Hands-on Activities and Give them the tools

    Hands-on investigations help unlock comprehension. Create interactive activities, experiments, or simulations that allow students to manipulate variables, observe outcomes, and draw their own conclusions. Give them the tools such as lab materials and encourage them to use online and other resources to investigate the concept actively.

    Check out this gas properties investigation I use to help chemistry students gain some background and understanding of gas properties.

  5. Encourage Questions and Hypotheses

    As they investigate, encouraging students to ask questions and formulate hypotheses about the difficult concept. Emphasize that it's okay not to have all the answers and to make mistakes, as exploration is a process of discovering of what we do not yet know.

  6. Make it Collaborative

    Learning is enriched through collaboration. When students work together, they support each other, share insights, make mistakes together, and collectively overcome obstacles. Encourage sharing of perspectives, discourse, peer teaching, and team problem-solving.

  7. Reflect and Connect

    Throughout the common learning experience, prompt students to reflect on their discoveries and connect them to real-world applications. Encourage them to draw parallels between the ideas they are discovering about the difficult concept and their everyday lives.

  8. See them and Celebrate Small Wins

    Be in the space with your students as they work through the problem. Acknowledge and celebrate the small wins you notice when they investigate. Positive reinforcement motivates students to persist, boosts their self-confidence in overcoming challenging concepts, and scores you major building relationships points.

    As a bonus, being in the space gives you the opportunity to help students by asking questions that lead them to the correct conclusions without giving the answers away.

Make it relevant first

Using a common learning experience tailored to the needs and interests of your students, even the most difficult concepts can become fun. By activating curiosity, using active learning, and promoting collaboration, the learning process can be transformed into captivating explorations into difficult ideas. The ensuing improved understanding of the concepts this challenging idea includes empowers students to persevere and gain confidence in their ability to conquer future challenges that will present themselves inside and out of the classroom.

So let’s make it relevant first by letting them unlock the unexplored for themselves.

Was this article relevant to you? If so, sign up for my Teaching Tips, Resources, & Ideas Newsletter to get the next one as soon as it drops. It’s totally free.

BOOKS & TOOLS

Phenomena Poster
Phenomena Poster
$3.00
Add To Cart
Mistakes Are... Poster
Mistakes Are... Poster
$3.00
Add To Cart
Equity: Bundle of 3 Posters - SAVE 25%
Equity: Bundle of 3 Posters - SAVE 25%
$7.00
Add To Cart
Back 2 School Classroom Bundle of 8 Posters
sale
Back 2 School Classroom Bundle of 8 Posters
$8.00 $16.00
PhenBL 16-Slide Professional Development Interactive Presentation
sale
PhenBL 16-Slide Professional Development Interactive Presentation
$10.00 $15.00
Breaking Down Phenomenon Based Learning and NGSS
Breaking Down Phenomenon Based Learning and NGSS
$5.00
Add To Cart
Comment
categories / Science
tags / teaching teens, parenting teens, deeper learning, independence, lifelong learning, simplicity, skills, success skills, learning, making life easier, kids

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